法国地势的主要特征是东南高、西北低。西北部是以平原和丘陵为主的海西区块，东南部则是以山地高原为主的阿尔卑斯区块。两者的分界线呈一个倒写的“S”形状。平原和丘陵占土地面积的四分之三，其中平原占三分之二；高原和山地占其余的四分之一，其中高原占五分之一。东部是阿尔卑斯山脉和侏罗山脉；中南部为中央高原；西南边境有比利牛斯山脉；中央高原和比利牛斯山地间的西南地区为阿基坦盆地；北部是巴黎盆地；西北部为阿莫里坎丘陵。位于法国和意大利边境的勃朗峰是欧洲海拔最高的山峰。
气候
法国南部属地中海气候，冬季温暖湿润，夏季炎热干燥。西北部则为温带海洋性气候，全年温差较小，终年湿润多雨，日照较少。东北部离海较远，偏大陆性气候，夏季炎热多雨，冬季寒冷干燥。
除山地外，法国年降雨量在500到800毫米之间，降雨量由西至东逐渐减少。
Metropolitan France is situated between 41° and 51° North, on the western edge of Europe, and thus lies within the northern temperate zone. The north and northwest have a temperate climate, while a combination of maritime influences, latitude and altitude produce a varied climate in the rest of Metropolitan France.[31] In the south-east a Mediterranean climate prevails. In the west, the climate is predominantly oceanic with a high level of rainfall, mild winters and cool to warm summers. Inland the climate becomes more continental with hot, stormy summers, colder winters and less rain. The climate of the Alps and other mountainous regions is mainly alpine, with the number of days with temperatures below freezing over 150 per year and snow cover lasting for up to six months.
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